Xgeorge-a



i @uitrit tats @sind @fitta IMPROVED PAINT AND VARNISHl BRUSH.

@the tlgthul'e riferiti tu in tigen tetter patent mit making @an nf thetame. f u

TO ALL WHOM IT-MY lCONCERNE "Be it known that l', lGEORGE A. WHITE, ofBoston, in the county of Suiiolk, and State of Massachusetts, havelinvented an improvement in Paint and Varnish Brushes; and I do herebydeclare that the following, taken f in connection with the drawingswhich accompany and form part ofthis specification, is a description ofmy invention sufficient to enable those skilled vin the art to practiseit.

I The invention relates to the application of a binder to the bristles fthe common paint or'varnish brush, in' continuation of the ferrule whichencircles and encloses the bristles, the object of this binder being tohold A the bristles securelyy in' placewhile the new brush vis beingbroken in.

My invention consists inapplying to the ferrulea series oi' two or morefendenwires, or a coreor cylinder of paper or pasteboard projecting'down `from the' innersurfaee of the ferrule, in such manner that a cordmay be wound over such wires orcylinder, downto-such distance from theferrule as may b e desirable.

The vdrawing represents brushes embodying the invention; Ashowing abrush with only the fender-wires and cord,and B the paper cylindercombined with these wires, each'vie'w showing the cord as broken Vawayin part, to show lthe wire or paper beyond. z denotes the metal ferruleenclosing the bristles Zz, in and'Y securing them to Athejhandle e', inthe usual manner, thisferrule being. made ofv wires wound in cylindricalformvand solderedv together.V Between the bristles and the inner surfaceof the ferrule I secure two or any other suitable number of' fenders orguardwirespc, `sorapplied as to project down beyond the ferrule, andaround the wires I wind a cord, d, bringing the coils closely together,and cementing them or covering them with paint, the lower ends of thewires beingftulrned or hooked over, as seen at d', to hold the cordinplace. In 4addition to this cord, 'I sometimes apply a paper vcore orcylinder, e, (as seen at B3) winding the cord around the paper, as showninthe drawing. The general method of binding a brush is. to throw'a loopover the handle and carry the twine down overfthe ferrule on bothvsides, then wind it around the bristles belowv the ferrule. By thismethod itis nearly A impossible 'to bind them uniformly, some beingboundso tight that they work todisadvantage; others bind so loosely thatthe twinemoves with the working` of the brush, preventing itfrom-wearing to an even wedgeiform desired by painters. A-cloth, rubber,or any other binding now in use, operates in the same man neri ABeforeusing a new brush, painters generally allow it to remain in water of thedepth of an inch or more for some tiure, making the bristles soft andpliable, and causing the handle to swell a little, which makes the brushvless liable to come to pieces, and then they bind it in the mannerdescribed above. Painters object to a cloth'or an elastic binding, asi't is always made fast to the brush, and cannot vbe detached to puttheAbrush in soak, and after soaking it usually makes the binding so tightas to cause the brush to work badly, and injures the shape ofthe brush,so that ,it will not wearto an even wedge-form. By my methodof applyingthe cord I do away with theloop around the handle and the twine on theVsides of the brush, of which painters complain, as they hurt thefingers. My binding being made separatev from the ferrule, can be put onthe brush by the painterat'ter it has beensoaked, 'andis heldinits'place by the'fender-wires attached tothe brush,- the hooks nlpassing under the strands of the binding, holding it so ti'g'ht that thepaint or oil is prevented from working out between the ferrule andbinding. When twine of which the binding is made is Awound upon'papcr ora substitute, and cemented to the same, the bindingrcan be madestraight, the same as the ferrule,or slightly tapering, as the purchasermay desire, this Amethod allowingfree play of the bristles to thevferru'le, Aand preventing the paint from hardening under'the binding,so that whenthe binding is vremoved entirely the bristles still retaintheir elasticity as at lirst. Asthe brush wears up the binding can beremoved, one strand or more at`a time, as the painter'maysee vtit,without disturbing the whole, the brush still retaining its'shape. Myfenderlwires being made'af Wire or some substitute, passing throughtheferrule with vthe bristles, caribe drawn out or cut' 01T when the brushbecomes worn, so that thebinding is no longer needed. This binding canbe attachedto a.` brush made with an iron wire o); twine ferrule,''alsoto'all brusheslused'by painters, of' any oval or round form.

`claim'combining with the"ferrule a, the fender-wires c, and binder-cordd, substantially as described.

Also,` in combination with such binder-cord, the paper cylinder e, orits equivalent, substantially as set forth.

i GEO. A. WHITE.

Witnesses:

CROSBY, L. `H. LATIMEB.. g a t

